12/19/2023 0 Comments Hgb poc istat![]() ![]() Pulsoxymetrie und Blutgasanalyse, (Abruf: ).However, this altitude acclimatization takes time (about three weeks of continuous stay at high altitudes). Gas exchange becomes more economical in the long run, as oxygen can be better absorbed and transported further. Thus, altitude training increases aerobic performance. The capillaries also increase (capillarization), which enables better gas exchange.The respiratory and cardiac output increases.The hemoglobin concentration increases, resulting in better oxygen transport.The number of erythrocytes increases (erythropoiesis) due to the release of the hormone EPO.The lower blood oxygen saturation at altitude causes a variety of adaptation reactions over a longer period of time: Systemic blood pressure does not change significantly during acute adaptation at altitude because sympathetic activation and the direct vasodilatory effect of hypoxia neutralize in the peripheral circulation.Įndurance training at altitude can be used specifically to increase performance. Thus, an untrained person loses about 1% of his VO2max per 100m at an altitude of 1,500m, resulting in a power loss of 10% at 2,500m, 25% at 4,000m, and 65% at 8,000m. However, this so-called acute adaptation cannot prevent the maximum oxygen transport and thus the maximum aerobic capacity (VO2max) from being restricted. The resulting increased heart rate compensates for the lower O2 content per heartbeat. This slightly increases the alveolar PO2 and activates the sympathetic nervous system. Via peripheral chemoreceptors, this reduced oxygen saturation is perceived in the body and hyperventilation is triggered. The result is a lower partial pressure of oxygen in the blood as well as a lower oxygen saturation. With increasing altitude, air pressure and O2 partial pressure (PO2) in the ambient air decrease, so that oxygen can no longer be absorbed as well by the hemoglobin. medications, drugs or carbon monoxide also lead to a decrease in oxygen saturation. In addition to diseases, environmental factors such as extreme altitudes can also lead to a decrease in oxygen saturation in the blood. Cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure cause insufficient oxygen supply to the organs due to vascular occlusion. In addition, diseases of the blood, such as anemia or hematopoiesis, cause impaired oxygen transport. Diffusion disorders are also possible, in which the gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries is disturbed. There are many causes of low oxygen saturation: various lung diseases can lead to too little oxygen reaching the pulmonary alveoli (ventilation disorder). Histotoxic hypoxia: cellular respiration is blocked by toxins. ![]()
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